منابع مشابه
Anti-AGEing defences against Alzheimer's disease.
Accumulation of insoluble protein deposits and their cross-linking by AGEs (advanced glycation end products) in the brain is a feature of aging and neurodegeneration, especially in AD (Alzheimer's disease). In AD, two types of fibrillar protein aggregates are present: extracellular deposits (plaques) consisting mainly of Abeta (beta-amyloid peptide), and intracellular deposits (tangles) compose...
متن کاملThe anti‐ageing hormone klotho induces Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant defences in human aortic smooth muscle cells
Vascular ageing in conditions such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and chronic kidney disease, is associated with the activation of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) and diminished expression of antioxidant defences mediated by the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The anti-ageing hormone klotho promotes longevity and protects against cardiovascular and rena...
متن کاملPriming of indirect defences.
Leaf damage induces in many plant species the secretion of extrafloral nectar (EFN) and/or the release of specific odours (volatile organic compounds, VOCs). Both traits attract carnivorous arthropods and function as indirect plant defences by increasing the predation pressure on attacking herbivores. We have conducted field experiments in Mexico and found that plants that had been exposed to V...
متن کاملLung defences: an overview
Lung defences are dependant on a complex array of mechanisms in the upper airways, which must to be differentiated from those of the distal airways. However, the first lines of defence in the proximal and distal airways are predominantly based on mechanical barriers and several mechanisms related to innate immunity. If pathogens or antigens reach the interstitium, dendritic cells will take up t...
متن کاملBiometric attack vectors and defences
Much has been reported on attempts to fool biometric sensors with false fingerprints, facial overlays and a myriad of other spoofing approaches. Other attack vectors on biometric systems have, however, had less prominence. This paper seeks to present a broader and more practical view of biometric system attack vectors, placing them in the context of a risk-based systems approach to security and...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Cancer
سال: 2003
ISSN: 1474-175X,1474-1768
DOI: 10.1038/nrc1174